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Glossary: O

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Object (PREMIS term)
A discrete unit of information in digital form. From Introduction and Supporting Materials from PREMIS Data Dictionary, p. 6. The associated footnote adds: " . . . differs from the definition of digital object commonly used in the digital library community, which holds a digital object to be a combination of identifier, metadata, and…
See Also File format; Digital file
OCR
Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is a technology that allows dots or pixels representing machine generated characters in a raster image to be converted into digitally coded text. In addition to recognizing and coding text, OCR programs attempt to recognize and code the structural elements of a document page, such as columns and non-text graphical elements.…
See Also HCR; ICR
OCR zoning
Zoning in OCR is the process of creating zones that correspond to specific attributes of a page element. A zone can be identified as a non-text graphic, alphanumeric or numeric. OCR applications generally allow for automatic or manual zoning.…
OCR, voting
A method of improving OCR recognition accuracy through the use of multiple OCR engines, taking the highest combined confidence score to select the letter or word represented in the scanned image.…
OECF
Opto-Electronic Conversion Function (OECF) - the average large area digital response of an electronic imaging device to light stimuli.…
OMR
Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) is a technology for extracting data from marked fields, such as checkboxes on printed tests, surveys or ballots. Since OMR technology only recognizes the mark and not the context of a form, positional data where marks are expected to appear must be pre-established.…
Open archival information system (OAIS)
A high-level model that describes the components and processes necessary for a digital archives, including six distinct functional areas: ingest, archival storage, data management, administration, preservation planning, and access. The OAIS model provides a foundation in the form of a taxonomy of information objects and packages for archived objects, as well as the structure of…
See Metadata
Open captions
Non-XML timed text intended for display over a timeline, in synchronization with image and sound essence, usually written in the same language as the sound essence and permanently embedded or integrated into the video stream. They cannot be delivered in a sidecar file. Like closed captions, open captions are designed for viewers who are unable…
See Also Closed captions; Subtitles
Optical Character Recognition
See OCR
Optical density
Optical density generally refers to the opacity of an object, or the transmisson density.…
Optical Mark Recognition
See OMR
Optical resolution
See Resolution
Opto-Electronic Conversion Function
See OECF
Original-referred
See Image state
Output-referred
See Image state